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In vitro studies of anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of organic solvent extracts from cultured marine microalgae
  • 비영리 CC BY-NC
  • 비영리 CC BY-NC
ABSTRACT
In vitro studies of anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of organic solvent extracts from cultured marine microalgae
KEYWORD
Amphidinium carterae , anticancer , anti-inflammatory effect , Chlorella ovalis , cultured marine microalgae , Nannchloropsis oculata , Phaeoductylum tricornutum
참고문헌
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  • [ Fig. 1. ]  Extraction approaches of cultured marine microalgae samples using solvent-solvent partition chromatography.
    Extraction approaches of cultured marine microalgae samples using solvent-solvent partition chromatography.
  • [ Table 1. ]  Proximate chemical compositions of marine microalgae sample crude dry weight basis
    Proximate chemical compositions of marine microalgae sample crude dry weight basis
  • [ Fig. 2. ]  Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Chlorella ovalis solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)?induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (COH, C. ovalis hexane fraction; COC, C. ovalis chloroform fraction; COE, C. ovalis ethyl acetate fraction; COA, C. ovalis aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 25 μg mL-1 + LPS and 50 μg mL-1 + LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
    Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Chlorella ovalis solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)?induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (COH, C. ovalis hexane fraction; COC, C. ovalis chloroform fraction; COE, C. ovalis ethyl acetate fraction; COA, C. ovalis aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 25 μg mL-1 + LPS and 50 μg mL-1 + LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
  • [ Fig. 3. ]  Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Nannchloropsis oculata solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)?induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (NOH, N. oculata hexane fraction; NOC, N. oculata chloroform fraction; NOE, N. oculata ethyl acetate fraction; NOA, N. oculata aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg mL-1, and add LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
    Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Nannchloropsis oculata solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)?induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (NOH, N. oculata hexane fraction; NOC, N. oculata chloroform fraction; NOE, N. oculata ethyl acetate fraction; NOA, N. oculata aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg mL-1, and add LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
  • [ Fig. 4. ]  Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Amphidinium carterae solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)?induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (ACH, A. carterae hexane fraction; ACC, A. carterae chloroform fraction; ACE, A. carterae ethyl acetate fraction; ACA, A. carterae aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 25 μg mL-1 + LPS and 50 μg mL-1+ LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
    Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Amphidinium carterae solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)?induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (ACH, A. carterae hexane fraction; ACC, A. carterae chloroform fraction; ACE, A. carterae ethyl acetate fraction; ACA, A. carterae aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 25 μg mL-1 + LPS and 50 μg mL-1+ LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
  • [ Fig. 5. ]  Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Phaeoductylum tricornutum solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (PTH, P. tricornutum hexane fraction; PTC, P. tricornutum chloroform fraction; PTE, P. tricornutum ethyl acetate fraction; PTA, P. tricornutum aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg mL-1, and add LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
    Inhibitory effect of cultured marine microalga Phaeoductylum tricornutum solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on lipo-polysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production (%) (A) and cell viability (%) (B) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The incubation of extracts (PTH, P. tricornutum hexane fraction; PTC, P. tricornutum chloroform fraction; PTE, P. tricornutum ethyl acetate fraction; PTA, P. tricornutum aqueous fraction) with cells in response to LPS (1 μg mL-1) for 24 h, the NO levels in the medium was measured. CON, negative control (no LPS treated); LPS, positive control (LPS 1 μg mL-1 treated). Concentration of sample treated 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg mL-1, and add LPS, respectively. Values are mean ± standard deviation of three determinations. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
  • [ Fig. 6. ]  Inhibitory effect of the growth of cancer cells against cultured marine microalga Chlorella ovalis solvent extracts by solventsolvent partition chromatography on HL-60 (A), B16F10 (B), and A549 (C) cell lines. Cells were treated with the extracts (COH, C. ovalis hexane fraction; COC, C. ovalis chloroform fraction; COE, C. ovalis ethyl acetate fraction; COA, C. ovalis aqueous fraction) at the indicated concentrations denoted as 25 and 50 μg mL-1, respectively. CON, control. After 24 h to treat the extracts cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation in triplicate experiments. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
    Inhibitory effect of the growth of cancer cells against cultured marine microalga Chlorella ovalis solvent extracts by solventsolvent partition chromatography on HL-60 (A), B16F10 (B), and A549 (C) cell lines. Cells were treated with the extracts (COH, C. ovalis hexane fraction; COC, C. ovalis chloroform fraction; COE, C. ovalis ethyl acetate fraction; COA, C. ovalis aqueous fraction) at the indicated concentrations denoted as 25 and 50 μg mL-1, respectively. CON, control. After 24 h to treat the extracts cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation in triplicate experiments. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
  • [ Fig. 7. ]  Inhibitory effect of the growth of cancer cells against cultured marine microalga Amphidinium carterae solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on HL-60 (A), B16F10 (B), and A549 (C) cell lines. Cells were treated with the extracts (ACH, A. carterae hexane fraction; ACC, A. carterae chloroform fraction; ACE, A. carterae ethyl acetate fraction; ACA, A. carterae aqueous fraction) at the indicated concentrations denoted as 25 and 50 μg mL-1, respectively. CON, control. After 24 h to treat the extracts cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation in triplicate experiments. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
    Inhibitory effect of the growth of cancer cells against cultured marine microalga Amphidinium carterae solvent extracts by solvent-solvent partition chromatography on HL-60 (A), B16F10 (B), and A549 (C) cell lines. Cells were treated with the extracts (ACH, A. carterae hexane fraction; ACC, A. carterae chloroform fraction; ACE, A. carterae ethyl acetate fraction; ACA, A. carterae aqueous fraction) at the indicated concentrations denoted as 25 and 50 μg mL-1, respectively. CON, control. After 24 h to treat the extracts cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviation in triplicate experiments. Values with different alphabets are significantly different at p < 0.05 as analyzed by Duncan’s multiple range test.
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