First Zoea of Sesarmops intermedius (De Haan, 1835) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae)
- DOI : 10.5657/FAS.2015.0321
- Author: Lee Hwa Ja
- Publish: Fisheries and aquatic sciences Volume 18, Issue3, p321~324, 30 Sep 2015
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ABSTRACT
The first zoeal characters of
Sesarmops intermedius (De Haan, 1835) [=Sesarma (Sesarma )intermedium ], belonging to the family Sesarmidae, are described and illustrated in detail based on laboratory-hatched material from a female collected from Gangjeung, Seogwipo, Jeju Island. Morphological comparison is performed based on previous descriptions ofSesarma (Sesarma )intermedium from Japan and three other species in the Sesarmidae. The first zoea ofSesarmops intermedius can be readily distinguished from those of the three speciesChiromantes haematocheir [=Sesarma (Holometopus )haematocheir ],Chiromantes dehaani [=Sesarma (Holometopus )dehaani ], andParasesarma pictum [=Sesarma (Parasesarma )pictum ] by the presence of two setae on the exopod of the antenna, fine setae on the inner and outer margin of the forked spine of the telson, and three aesthetascs and one simple seta on the antennule.
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KEYWORD
Sesarmops intermedius , Sesarmidae , First zoea , Decapoda larva
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The land crab
Sesarma (Sesarma )intermedium (De Haan, 1835), belonging to the subfamily Sesarminae, is distributed in Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, the Mergui archipelago, and Surabaya (Kim, 1973). The zoeae of the genusSesarma have been described from various areas, including the zoea ofSesarma (Sesarma )intermedium by Baba and Fukuda (1975) and Terada (1976), that ofSesarma (Holometopus )haematocheir by Fukuda and Baba (1976) and Terada (1974), that ofSesarma (Holometopus )dehaani by Baba and Miyata (1971) and Terada (1974), and that ofSesarma (Parasesarma )pictum by Aikawa (1937) and Terada (1974). The first zoea ofSesarma (Sesarma )intermedium from Japanese waters was described by Baba and Fukuda (1975); however, the description is inaccurate and inadequate for comparative morphological studies.In this study, the first zoeal stage of
Sesarmops intermedius [=Sesarma (Sesarma )intermedium ] was described and illustrated in detail from laboratory-hatched material, and a morphological comparison based on the previous descriptions of JapaneseSesarma (Sesarma )intermedium was performed. In addition, the first zoeal characteristics ofSesarmops intermedius were compared with those of the three speciesChiromantes haematocheir [=Sesarma (Holometopus )haematocheir ],Chiromantes dehaani [=Sesarma (Holometopus )dehaani ], andParasesarma pictum [=Sesarma (Parasesarma ) pictum] inhabiting Gangjeung, Seogwipo, Jeju Island.On September 24, 2009, a pair of
Sesarmops intermedius was collected in Gangjeung, Seogwipo, Jeju Island, transported to the laboratory, and held in an aquarium until hatching, which occurred on September 24, 2010. Newly hatched zoeae were preserved in 5% neutral formalin, and dissections were performed under a dissecting microscope. To prevent desiccation of specimens, a mixed solution of glycerin and ethanol was used for all dissections. Drawings were performed using the aid of a drawing tube at 100–400× magnification. Rostrodorsal length (RDL) was measured from the tip of the dorsal spine to the tip of the rostral spine, and carapace length (CL) was measured from the anterior margin between the eyes to the posterior margin of the carapace. The setal formula of the appendages is based on the proximal to the distal segments. The long plumose natatory setae on the exopods of the first and second maxillipeds are drawn truncated. Descriptions of the chromatophores are based solely on live specimens.>
Sesarmops intermedius (De Haan, 1835)First zoea (Fig. 1)
RDL, 0.79 (0.70–0.84) mm; CL, 0.53 (0.52–0.54) mm.
Carapace (Fig. 1A). With dorsal and rostral spines; lateral spine absent; dorsal spine slightly curved, as long as the rostral spine; rostral spine slightly longer than the protopod of the antenna; eyes unstalked.
Antennule (Fig. 1B). Uniramous, with three aesthetascs and one simple seta.
Antenna (Fig. 1C). Protopod tapered, slightly shorter than rostral spine, with two rows of small spinules; exopod with two terminal setae.
Mandibles (Fig. 1D). Asymmetrical; left mandible with teeth between incisor and molar processes; right mandible unarmed in that site.
Maxillule (Fig. 1E). Coxal endite with five setae; basal endite with five setae; endopod two-segmented, with one seta on proximal segment and five (one subterminal, four terminal) setae on the distal segment.
Maxilla (Fig. 1F). Coxal endite bilobed, with 2+6 setae; basal endite bilobed with 5+4 setae; endopod bilobed with 2+3 setae; scaphognathite with four marginal setae and one long posterior process.
First maxilliped (Fig. 1A, 1G). Basis with 10 setae arranged 2,2,3,3; endopod five-segmented, with 2,2,1,2,5 (one subterminal, four terminal) setae; exopod with four terminal natatory setae.
Second maxilliped (Fig. 1A, 1H). Basis with four setae arranged 1,1,1,1; endopod three-segmented, with 0,1,6 (one subterminal, five terminal) setae; exopod with four plumose natatory setae.
Abdomen (Fig. 1A, 1I). Composed of five somites; second to fifth somites with a pair of small setae postero-dorsally; second somite with pair of forward-directed dorsolateral processes; third somite with pair of backward-directed dorsolateral processes; pleopods not developed.
Telson (Fig. 1I). Bifurcated, with three pairs of serrate setae on posterior margin, with fine spinnules on inner and outer margin of fork.
Chromatophores. Blackish brown chromatophores present on overall surface of carapace, dorsal carapace spine, base of antennule, antenna, dorsal spine and rostral spine, optic and median ocular center, labrum, mandible, maxilla, basis of first and second maxillipeds, and on second to fifth abdominal somites and telson.
Baba and Fukuda (1975) described the first zoea of
Sesarmops intermedius [=Sesarma (Sesarma )intermedium ]. In the present study, some morphological characteristics were found to differ from their description, in particular the number of aesthetascs and seta of the antennule, the number of setae in the exopod of the antenna and the coxa of the maxilla, and the setation of the basis of the first and second maxillipeds. Moreover, they did not describe a pair of posterodorsal setae on the second to fifth abdominal somites. In addition, Terada (1976) described the first zoea ofSesarma (Sesarma )intermedium . Compared with the specimen described here, there are differences in the number of aesthetascs and seta of the antennule and in the number of setae in the coxa of the maxilla (Table 1).A detailed comparison of the first zoeae of four sesarminid crabs—
Sesarmops intermedius, Sesarma (Holometopus )haematocheir, Sesarma (Holometopus )dehaani , andSesarma (Parasesarma )pictum —is presented in Table 2. The following similarities were found in the first zoeae of the four sesarminid crabs: the absence of lateral spines; the lateral processes on the second to third abdominal somites; the setation of the coxa (five setae), basis (five setae), and endopod (one, five setae) of the maxillule; the number of setae on the coxa (eight setae), basis (nine setae), endopod (five setae), and scaphognathite (four setae) of the maxilla; the setation of the endopod of the first maxilliped (2,2,1,2,5); and the setation of the endopod of the second maxilliped (0,1,6). The most useful criteria for distinguishing the first zoea ofSesarmops intermedius from the first zoeae of the other three sesarminid crabs are the exopod of the antenna with two setae and the antennule with three aethetascs and one simple seta.-
[Fig. 1.] First zoea of Sesarmops intermedius (De Haan, 1835). A, lateral view; B, antennule; C, antenna; D, mandibles; E, maxillule; F, maxilla; G, first maxilliped; H, second maxilliped; I, abdomen and telson, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
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[Table 1.] Morphological differences between the description of the first zoea of Sesarmops intermedius given by Baba & Fukuda (1975), Terada (1976) and that obtained in the present study
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[Table 2.] Comparison of the first zoeal characteristics of four species in the Sesarmidae