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포도흰얼룩증상의 발생생태적 특성 Ecological Characteristics of White Stain Symptom on the Grape in Korea
ABSTRACT
포도흰얼룩증상의 발생생태적 특성
BACKGROUND:

The white stain symptom of grape clusters and canes by dust-like particles occurred in many vineyards recently. This study was conducted to investigate the ecological characteristics of white stain symptom in grapevines and vineyards.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

Optimal climate condition for white stain symptom was 25℃∼30℃ with 60% of humidity. Moreover, closed condition with same humidity showed higher incidence rate of white stain symptom than ventilation condition. Grape varieties with black berry skin such as Campbell-Early and Kyoho were more sensitive to white stain symptom compare to varieties with green and red berry skin. Although the pathogens were not detected until March, they increased from April, and increased sharply from mid of July. The pathogens may overwinter in the infected stems and/or on the bark as a mycelium. According to the increase of sugar content of grape from August to September, the mycelium which was parasitic on the bark grew to move to the fruits through the stems, and finally reached the fruit stalk to detach berries from the clusters.

CONCLUSION:

Well ventilation is recommended inside the vineyard since mid-July with roll up an insect net. In addition, infected stems and fruits should be removed out from grapevines infected with pathogens in the vineyards.

KEYWORD
Acremonium acutatum , Ecology , Grape , Trichothecium roseum , White stain symptom
참고문헌
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이미지 / 테이블
  • [ Fig. 1. ]  The change of climate factors in precipitation and temperature to 1970’s and 2010’s in Korea. Modified from Korea Meteorological Administration.
    The change of climate factors in precipitation and temperature to 1970’s and 2010’s in Korea. Modified from Korea Meteorological Administration.
  • [ Fig. 2. ]  Delay or inhibition of mycelial growth of Acremonium acutatum (left) and Trichothecium roseum (right) on PDA plates by the four temperature 25℃, 30℃, 35℃ and 40℃. The mycelial growth was investigated by measuring the colony diameter of pathogens incubated for 3, 6, 9 days. Data points were the averages of 10 replicates.
    Delay or inhibition of mycelial growth of Acremonium acutatum (left) and Trichothecium roseum (right) on PDA plates by the four temperature 25℃, 30℃, 35℃ and 40℃. The mycelial growth was investigated by measuring the colony diameter of pathogens incubated for 3, 6, 9 days. Data points were the averages of 10 replicates.
  • [ Fig. 3. ]  Occurrence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at RH (60% and 100%) and temperature (25℃, 30℃, 35℃ and 40℃) conditions.
    Occurrence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at RH (60% and 100%) and temperature (25℃, 30℃, 35℃ and 40℃) conditions.
  • [ Fig. 4. ]  Incidence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at various RH and temperature conditions. Duncan’s multiple range test at the 0.05 level of confidence.
    Incidence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at various RH and temperature conditions. Duncan’s multiple range test at the 0.05 level of confidence.
  • [ Fig. 5. ]  Occurrence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at 25℃, various RH and ventilation conditions.
    Occurrence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at 25℃, various RH and ventilation conditions.
  • [ Fig. 6. ]  Incidence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at 25℃, various RH and ventilation conditions. Duncan’s multiple range test at the 0.05 level of confidence.
    Incidence of white stain symptom on the grape cluster artificially infected with Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum at 25℃, various RH and ventilation conditions. Duncan’s multiple range test at the 0.05 level of confidence.
  • [ Table 1. ]  White stain symptom on the grape fruits artificially infected with isolates of Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum
    White stain symptom on the grape fruits artificially infected with isolates of Acremonium acutatum and Trichothecium roseum
  • [ Fig. 7. ]  Areal distribution ratio of white stain symptom on ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell-Early’ grape.
    Areal distribution ratio of white stain symptom on ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell-Early’ grape.
  • [ Fig. 8. ]  Ecology cycle of white stain symptom by Trichothecium roseum and Acremonium acutatum on ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell-Early’ grape.
    Ecology cycle of white stain symptom by Trichothecium roseum and Acremonium acutatum on ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell-Early’ grape.
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